olymp. Wassersportart ohne techn. Hilfsmittel, unterteilt in Geschwindigkeits- und künstler. Wettbewerbe, u.a. Rennen über verschiedene Distanzen und in verschiedenen Stilen, Freistil (Kraul): 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 (nur Frauen) und 1 500 (nur Männer); Rücken-S.: 100 und 200 m; Brust-S.: 100 und 200 m; Delphin-S. (früher Butterfly): 100 und 200 m; Lagen (wechselnde Techniken): 200 und 400 m; Staffeln 4 x 100 und 4x 200 (nur Männer) m Freistil, 4 x 100 m Lagen; außerdem Kunstspringen (3-m-Brett), Turmspringen (10 m) sowie Synchron-S. (nur Frauen) Einzel und Duo.
1. To clean one's body by immersion into water; SYN. bath.
2. To cleanse the entire body.
3. To suffuse with or as if with light.
1. To be afloat; stay on a liquid surface; not sink; SYN. swim.
2. To set afloat.
3. To be in motion due to some air current; SYN. drift, be adrift, blow.
4. To allow (currencies) to fluctuate.
ETYM Old Eng. swime dizziness, vertigo, as. swîma; akin to Dutch zwijm, Icel. svimi dizziness, svina to subside, svîa to abate, German schwindel dizziness, schwinden to disappear, to dwindle, Old High Germ. swînan to dwindle. Related to Squemish, Swindler.
(Irregular preterit, past participle: swam, swum).
1. To get on top of; deal with successfully; SYN. overcome, get over, subdue, surmount, master.
2. To travel through water.
Ser nach vorn gebracht u. dann durchs Wasser gezogen werden, während die Beine geschlossen bleiben u. vertikale Schlagbewegungen ausführen. Diese wellenförmige Bein- u. Körperbewegung ist der Unterschied zum Schmetterlingsstil.
The act of swimming; SYN. swim.
Self-propulsion of the body through water. As a competitive sport there are four strokes: crawl, breaststroke, backstroke, and butterfly. (In freestyle events, the crawl is usually used, since it is the “fastest” stroke for most swimmers; but any stroke may be used.) Distances of races vary from 25 yards up to the mile or more. Swimming meets are held in pools and at beach clubs (for the events longer than the mile).
Swimming has been known since ancient times, in the training of Greek and Roman warriors. Competitive swimming is known to have taken place in Japan 36 BC, and became compulsory in schools there in 1603. Fear of infection prevented Europeans from swimming during the Middle Ages, but during the late 19th century swimming pools with chlorine as a disinfectant began to be built at major schools and universities. By the early 20th century in the US, public pools were features of parks and clubs, and swimming, diving, and water polo were part of the sports revival that gave pleasure to the leisured classes.
Swimming has become a popular pastime and competitive sport for age-grade, school, amateur, and senior contestants in all parts of the US.