ETYM Cf. French altération.
The act of making something different (as e.g. the size of a garment); SYN. modification, adjustment.
ETYM French change, from changer. Related to Change.
1. A thing that is different.
2. A relational difference between states; especially between states before and after some event.
3. An event that occurs when something passes from one state or phase to another; SYN. alteration, modification.
4. The act of changing something.
5. The result of alteration or modification.
6. A different or fresh set of clothes.
The act of diversifying (introducing variety).
In agriculture and business, the development of distinctly new products or markets. A company or farm may diversify in order to spread its risks or because its original area of operation is becoming less profitable. In the UK agricultural diversification has included offering accommodation and services to tourists —for example, bed and breakfast, camping and caravanning sites, and pony trekking.
ETYM Latin mutatio, from mutare to change: cf. French mutation. Related to Mutable.
Change; Biology, sudden variation from type, due to change in genes. In biology, a change in the genes produced by a change in the DNA that makes up the hereditary material of all living organisms. Mutations, the raw material of evolution, result from mistakes during replication (copying) of DNA molecules. Only a few improve the organism's performance and are therefore favored by natural selection. Mutation rates are increased by certain chemicals and by radiation.
Common mutations include the omission or insertion of a base (one of the chemical subunits of dna); these are known as point mutations. Larger-scale mutations include removal of a whole segment of DNA or its inversion within the DNA strand. Not all mutations affect the organism, because there is a certain amount of redundancy in the genetic information. If a mutation is “translated” from DNA into the protein that makes up the organism’s structure, it may be in a nonfunctional part of the protein and thus have no detectable effect. This is known as a neutral mutation, and is of importance in molecular clock studies because such mutations tend to accumulate gradually as time passes. Some mutations do affect genes that control protein production or functional parts of protein, and most of these are lethal to the organism.
The process or event of mutating.
ETYM Latin variantia.
In statistics, the square of the standard deviation, the measure of spread of data. Population and sample variance are denoted by s2 or s2, respectively.
The second moment around the mean; the expected value of the square of the deviations of a random variable from its mean value.
ETYM Old Eng. variatioun, French variation, Latin variatio. Related to Vary.
In biology, a difference between individuals of the same species, found in any sexually reproducing population. Variations may be almost unnoticeable in some cases, obvious in others, and can concern many aspects of the organism. Typically, variation in size, behavior, biochemistry, or coloring may be found. The cause of the variation is genetic (that is, inherited), environmental, or more usually a combination of the two. The origins of variation can be traced to the recombination of the genetic material during the formation of the gametes, and, more rarely, to mutation.(dance) In ballet, a solo dance, unless otherwise designated.1. Something that deviates from a norm or from pattern.
2. An activity that varies from a norm or standard; SYN. variance.
3. An instance of change; the rate or magnitude of change; SYN. fluctuation.
4. A repetition of a musical theme in which it is modified or embellished.