1. Able to survive under unfavorable conditions.
2. Having rugged physical strength; inured to fatigue or hardships; SYN. stalwart, stout, sturdy.

(1840-1928) English novelist and poet. His novels, set in rural “Wessex” (his native West Country), portray intense human relationships played out in a harshly indifferent natural world. They include Far From the Madding Crowd 1874, The Return of the Native 1878, The Mayor of Casterbridge 1886, The Woodlanders 1887, Tess of the d’Urbervilles 1891, and Jude the Obscure 1895. His poetry includes the Wessex Poems 1898, the blank-verse epic of the Napoleonic Wars The Dynasts 1904–08, and several volumes of lyrics.
Hardy was born in Dorset and trained as an architect. His first success was Far From the Madding Crowd. Tess of the d’Urbervilles, subtitled “A Pure Woman”, outraged public opinion by portraying as its heroine a woman who had been seduced. The even greater outcry that followed Jude the Obscure 1895 reinforced Hardy’s decision to confine himself to verse.

(1769-1839) British sailor. At Trafalgar he was Nelson’s flag captain in the Victory, attending him during his dying moments. He became First Sea Lord 1830.

(1892-1957) US film comedian, member of the duo Laurel and Hardy.

(1877-1947) English mathematician whose research was at a very advanced level in the fields of pure mathematics known as analysis and number theory. His Course in Pure Mathematics 1908 revolutionized the teaching of mathematics at senior school and university levels.
Hardy was born in Cranleigh, Surrey, and studied at Cambridge.
He became professor at Oxford 1919, but returned in 1931 to Cambridge.
Hardy’s researches included such topics as the evaluation of difficult integrals and the treatment of awkward series of algebraic terms. Among his successes in number theory was a new proof of the prime number theorem. Other problems on which he worked were the ways in which numbers could be partitioned into simpler numbers, “decomposed” into squares and cubes, and so on. Hardy also worked on whether every even number is the sum of two prime numbers. (This is still an unsolved problem.)
Hardy was the sole or joint author of several books, including An Introduction to the Theory of Numbers, Inequalities, and Divergent Series.

(“Frank”) (1917-) Australian radical political writer. He is best known for the novel Power Without Glory 1950, a semifictional account of the life of Melbourne millionaire sports promoter and financier John Wren and for which Hardy faced court proceedings for libel. His other works include ‘The Yarns of Billy Borker’ 1965, a collection of tall tales, The Outcasts of Foolgarah 1971, and But the Dead Are Many 1975.

(1896-1985) English zoologist who attempted to apply scientific methods to religious phenomena. He conducted a number of research projects into religious experience, concluding that such experiences were common and classifying them into types.
Clavering was professor of zoology and comparative anatomy at Oxford 1946–65 and master of the Unitarian College, Manchester College, Oxford, 1958–65.
Although he held back from claiming that his results proved that religious experience was genuine and therefore that God existed, his work has been cited as evidence for the existence of God by some and of the inappropriateness of scientific methodology in religion by others.
His work is continued by the Alister Hardy Research Centre in Oxford which is committed to scientific study of the nature and function of religious experience in the human species.
English marine biologist who designed the Hardy plankton continuous recorder. He developed methods for ascertaining the numbers and types of minute sea organisms.
Hardy was born in Nottingham and educated at Oxford. In 1924 he joined an expedition to the Antarctic, and on his return in 1928 he was appointed professor at Hull University, where he founded the Department of Oceanography. After World War II he was professor at Oxford for 15 years.
Hardy made his special study of plankton on the 1924 Discovery expedition. The aim of quantitative plankton studies is to estimate the numbers or weights of organisms beneath a unit area of sea surface or in a unit volume of water. He developed a net that can be used behind faster-moving vessels, at a depth of 10 m/33 ft, giving a larger area in which accurate recordings can be made. Surveys using this device now annually cover many thousands of kilometers in the Atlantic, North Sea, and Icelandic waters, for the benefit of fisheries.

1. City in Arkansas (USA); zip code 72542.
2. City in Iowa (USA); zip code 50545.
3. Village in Nebraska (USA); zip code 68943.