Also known as Falange Espańola. Former Spanish Fascist Party, founded 1933 by José Antonio Primo de Rivera (1903–1936), son of military ruler Miguel Primo de Rivera. It was closely modeled in program and organization on the Italian Fascists and on the Nazis. In 1937, when Franco assumed leadership, it was declared the only legal party, and altered its name to Traditionalist Spanish Phalanx.