In music, on a brass instrument, a valve which alters the length of tubing through which air vibrates, changing the pitch. The first valve lowers the pitch a whole tone, the second a semitone, the third three semitones. Most orchestral brass instruments today employ three valves, but sometimes a fourth is added.

(Hamor) (1894-1976) US composer and teacher. He wrote a number of textbooks, including Harmony 1941 and Orchestration 1955. His Neo-Classical works include eight symphonies, a number of concertos, chamber music, the orchestral suite Three New England Sketches 1959, and the ballet The Incredible Flutist 1938.
He was well regarded as a teacher; his pupils included Leonard Bernstein. He taught at Harvard University 1944–60. + prikaži više