(1915-) US chemist who established the basis of inorganic chemistry through his study of the loss or gain of electrons by atoms during chemical reactions. He was awarded a Nobel Prize 1983 for his work on electron transference between molecules in chemical reactions.

German military aircraft of World War I. At the outbreak of war it was the principal aircraft of the German Army and performed useful service as a scout, notably in the detection of Russian movements which resulted in Hindenburg's victory at the Battle of Tannenberg 1914.
It was also used to bomb Paris, though this appears to have been with nothing larger than hand grenades and did little damage. Soon outclassed as a fighting machine, it was adopted as the basic training aircraft and several hundred were built by most German aircraft companies.