(1795-1830) South American revolutionary leader. As chief lieutenant of Simón Bolívar, he won several battles in freeing the colonies of Ecuador and Bolivia from Spanish rule, and in 1826 became president of Bolivia. After a mutiny by the army and invasion by Peru, he resigned in 1828 and was assassinated in 1830 on his way to join Bolívar.

Legal capital and judicial seat of Bolivia; It stands on the central plateau at an altitude of 2,840 m/9,320 ft.
The city was founded 1538, its cathedral dates from 1553, and the University of San Francisco Xavier (1624) is probably the oldest in South America. The first revolt against Spanish rule in South America began here 25 May 1809. It is the commercial center for the agricultural area.

The basic unit of money in Ecuador; equal to 100 centavos.