(English Salonika) Port in Macedonia, NE Greece, at the head of the Gulf of Thessaloníki; the second-largest city in Greece; Industries include textiles, shipbuilding, chemicals, brewing, and tanning. It was founded from Corinth by the Romans 315 BC as Thessalonica (to whose inhabitants St Paul addressed two epistles), captured by the Saracens AD 904 and by the Turks 1430, and restored to Greece 1912.