(1923-) Israeli socialist politician, prime minister 1984–86. Peres was prime minister, then foreign minister, under a power-sharing agreement with the leader of the Consolidation Party (Likud), Yitzhak Shamir. From 1989 to 1990 he was finance minister in a Labour–Likud coalition. As foreign minister in Yitzhak Rabin's Labour government from 1992, he negotiated the 1993 peace agreement with the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). He was awarded the 1994 Nobel Prize for Peace jointly with Israeli president, Rabin, and PLO leader, Yassir Arafat.
Peres emigrated from Poland to Palestine 1934, but was educated in the US. In 1959 he was elected to the Knesset (Israeli parliament). He was leader of the Labour Party 1977–92, when he was replaced by Rabin.

Množina: Pereskias

Genus of tropical American shrubby trees and woody climbers having slender branches with broad flat leaves and large panicles of flowers; Also called: genus Pereskia, Peireskia, genus Peireskia.

Množina: perestroikas

In Soviet politics, the wide-ranging economic and political reforms initiated from 1985 by Mikhail Gorbachev, finally leading to the demise of the Soviet Union. Originally, in the economic sphere, perestroika was conceived as involving “intensive development” concentrating on automation and improved labor efficiency. It evolved to attend increasingly to market indicators and incentives (“market socialism”) and the gradual dismantling of the Stalinist central-planning system, with decision-taking being devolved to self-financing enterprises.