(1758-1828) Austrian anatomist, instigator of the discredited theory of phrenology.

(c. 1840-1894) American Sioux Indian leader. He became a noted warrior of the Hunkpapa Sioux and a protégé of Chief Sitting Bull. Gall accompanied Sitting Bull to Montana 1876 and led the encirclement and annihilation of General Custer's force at Little Bighorn.
Born along the Moreau river in the Dakota Territory, Gall participated in raids against the US Army along the Bozeman Trail and opposed the Treaty of Fort Laramie 1868, which established the reservation system in the N plains. After Custer's last stand 1876, he escaped to Canada with Sitting Bull and later settled on a reservation, becoming an Indian judge.

1. A skin sore caused by chafing.
2. Abnormal swelling of plant tissue caused by insects or microorganisms or injury.
Abnormal outgrowth on a plant that develops as a result of attack by insects or, less commonly, by bacteria, fungi, mites, or nematodes. The attack causes an increase in the number of cells or an enlargement of existing cells in the plant. Gall-forming insects generally pass the early stages of their life inside the gall.
Gall wasps are responsible for the conspicuous bud galls forming on oak trees, 2.5–4 cm/1–1.5 in across, known as “oak apples”.

To irritate or vex; SYN. irk.

Fragile mosquito-like flies that produce galls on plants; SYN. gallfly, gall gnat.

Any of various minute 4-legged mites (family Eriophyidae) that form galls on plants.

Small solitary wasp that produces galls on oaks and other plants; SYN. gallfly, cynipid wasp, cynipid gall wasp.

Or Oromo nomadic pastoralists inhabiting S Ethiopia and NW Kenya. Galla is an Afro-Asiatic language, and is spoken by about 12 million people.

Gallamine triethiodide.

A substituted ammonium salt C30H60I3N3O3 that is used to produce muscle relaxation especially during anesthesia — called also gallamine.

(1912-) German air ace of World War II. He served in the Spanish Civil War 1936–39 and then the Polish and French campaigns 1939 and the Battle of Britain 1940. By June 1941 he had claimed 70 enemy aircraft and was the first German pilot to be awarded the Swords to the Knight's Cross.
He was promoted to general in charge of fighter operations on all European fronts Nov 1941 but found that the administrative role was not his forte, particularly as he was faced with increasing Allied air strength, bureaucratic interference, and internal political wrangling. He was relieved of his post late 1944 and at Hitler's personal request trained and led a jet fighter squadron. He raised his score to 104 enemy aircraft before injuries put an end to his flying career.

ETYM French gallant, prop. p. pr. of Old Fren. galer to rejoice, akin to Old Fren. gale amusement, Italian gala ornament; of German origin; cf. Old High Germ. geil merry, luxuriant, wanton, German geil lascivious, akin to AS. gal wanton, wicked.
1. Having or displaying great dignity or nobility; SYN. lofty, majestic, proud.
2. Unflinching in battle or action.

(née Young) (1922-) Canadian short-story writer and novelist, based in Paris. A regular contributor to the New Yorker magazine, she has published two novels and collections of short fiction, notably The Pegnitz Junction 1973, dealing with German life alienated from its immediate past after 1945, and From the Fifteenth District 1979, set in various European countries.
Her work, which is distinguished by adroitly shifting points of view, perhaps influenced by cinema technique, often deals with the themes of cultural isolation and displacement.