(1805-1841)
Scottish soldier, linguist, diplomat, and traveler in Central Asia. Following journeys to Rajputana and Lajhore he led an expedition across the Hindu Kush to Bokhara described in his Travels into Bokhara 1834. In 1836–37 he led a diplomatic mission to the Afghan leader Dost Mohammed, described in his book Kabul 1842. He was killed in Kabul during a rising that sparked off the first Afghan War.