(1554-1586) English poet and soldier. He wrote the sonnet sequence Astrophel and Stella 1591, Arcadia 1590, a prose romance, and Apologie for Poetrie 1595, the earliest work of English literary criticism.
Sidney was born in Penshurst, Kent. He entered Parliament 1581, and was knighted 1583. In 1585 he was made governor of Vlissingen in the Netherlands, and died at Zutphen, fighting the Spanish.

(1622-1683) English Republican politician, He was a cavalry officer in the Civil War on the Parliamentary side, and was wounded at the Battle of Marston Moor 1644. He was elected to the Long Parliament 1646, but retired from politics when Cromwell dissolved the Rump 1653. After the Restoration he lived in exile on the Continent, but on returning to England 1677 continued to oppose the monarchy. He was arrested after the Rye House Plot 1683, convicted of high treason, and executed.

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